| SITPRO |
| National
organisation for the Simplification of International Trade Procedures
in the United Kingdom (e.g. in The Netherlands SITPRO is called
'Sitproneth', in France 'Simprofrance' and in Japan 'Jastpro'). |
|
| Safe
Working Load |
| Abbreviation:
SWL |
| The
maximum load any lifting appliance may handle. |
|
| Safety
Stock |
| In
general, a quantity of stock planned to be in inventory to protect
against fluctuations in demand and/or supply.
In
the context of master production scheduling, safety stock can
refer to additional inventory and/or capacity planned as protection
against forecast errors and/or short terms changes in the backlog.
Also referred to as 'overplanning' or a 'market hedge'.
|
|
| Said
to Contain |
| Abbreviation:
STC |
| Term
in a Bill of Lading signifying that the master and the carrier are
unaware of the nature or quantity of the contents of e.g. a carton,
crate, container or bundle and are relying on the description furnished
by the shipper. |
|
| Salvage |
| The
saving or rescue of a vessel and/or the cargo from loss and/or damage
at sea. |
|
| Scale
Ton |
| Freighting
measurement used in certain trades for various commodities. |
|
| Scenario |
| A
formal specification of a group of business activities that may
take place between parties to achieve a particular objective. |
|
| Schedule |
| A
timetable including arrival/departure times of ocean- and feeder
vessels and also inland transportation. It refers to named ports
in a specific voyage (journey) within a certain trade indicating
the voyage number(s). In general: The plan of times for starting
and/or finishing activities. |
|
| Seal |
| A
device used for containers, lockers, trucks or lorries to proof
relevant parties that they have remained closed during transport. |
|
| Seal
Log |
| A
document used to record seal numbers. |
|
| Seasonal
Inventory |
| Inventory
built up in anticipation of a seasonal peak of demand in order to
smooth production. |
|
| Seaworthiness |
| Fitness
of a vessel to travel in open sea mostly related to a particular
voyage with a particular cargo. |
|
| Sectional
Rate |
| The
rate established by scheduled air carrier(s) for a section of a
through route (air cargo). |
|
| Segregation |
| Distance
required by the rules of IMDG or BC codes between the various commodities
of dangerous and or bulk cargoes. |
|
| Seller |
| Party
selling merchandise to a buyer. |
|
| Seller's
Market |
| A
'seller's market' is considered to exist when goods cannot easily
be secured and when the economic forces of business tend to be priced
at the vendor's estimate of value. In other words, a state of trade
favourable to the seller, with relatively great demand and high
prices of something for sale. |
|
| Semi
Trailer |
| A
vehicle without motive power and with one or more axles designed
to be drawn by a truck tractor and constructed in such way that
a portion of its weight and that of its load rest upon e.g. the
fifth wheel of the towing vehicle. |
|
| Sender |
| See
Shipper |
|
| Sequenced
Delivery |
| The
synchronised delivery of trucks to co-ordinate with production schedules
or local delivery vehicles. |
|
| Service
Based Pricing |
| Pricing
structured to service packages provided, related to activity based
costing including bought in costs. |
|
| Service
Bill |
| A
service Bill (of Lading) is a contract of carriage issued by one
carrier to another for documentary and internal control purposes
(e.g. in case P&O Nedlloyd cargo is carried on a non P&O
Nedlloyd vessel.)
For
internal documentary and control purposes a so-called participating
agent in a consortium uses some kind of document which, depending
on the trade, is referred to as 'Memo Bill' which will among others
state:
Name
of Carrier on whose behalf the original document (Way Bill, Bill
of Lading, etc.) was issued.
The
original document number. The agent who issued the original document
and his opponent at the discharging side.
The
number of packages, weight and measurement, marks and numbers
and goods description.
Further
mandatory details in case of special cargo.
No
freight details will be mentioned and the Memo Bill is not a contract
of carriage.
|
| See
Bill of Lading |
|
| Service
Level |
| A
measure for the extent to which the customer orders can be executed
at delivery conditions normally accepted in the market. |
|
| Service
Level Agreement |
| Abbreviation:
SLA |
| An
arrangement between a service provider and an organisation specifying
details about the services to be provided. |
|
| Setting/Air
Delivery Temperature |
| An
indication in the documents (B/L) stating the air supply temperature
to the container.
Note:
No other details than this temperature shall be included in the
Bill of Lading.
|
|
| Settlement
Office |
| The
institution to issue billing to and receive remittances from agents
and to distribute the monies to CASS airlines, Billing Participants
and Part Participants (air cargo). |
|
back
to top  |
| Shed |
| See
Warehouse |
|
| Shelf
Life |
| The
specified length of time prior to use for which items which are
inherently subject to deterioration are deemed to remain fit for
use under prescribed conditions. |
|
| Shift |
| Part
of the work-program of a stevedoring company (a working day can
have up to 3 shifts (24 hours)). |
|
| Ship |
| See
Vessel |
|
| Ship
Broker |
| Acts
as intermediary between shipowners or carriers by sea on the one
hand and cargo interests on the other. The functions are to act
as forwarding agent or custom broker, fixing of charters, and acting
as chartering agent. |
|
| Ship
Operator |
| A
ship operator is either the shipowner or the (legal) person responsible
for the actual management of the vessel and its crew. |
|
| Ship's
Protest |
| Statement
of the master of a vessel before (in the presence of) competent
authorities, concerning exceptional events which occurred during
a voyage. |
|
| Shipment |
| A
separately identifiable collection of goods to be carried.
Note:
In the United States of America the word shipment is used instead
of the word consignment.
|
| See
Consignment |
|
| Shipowner |
| The
(legal) person officially registered as such in the certificate
of registry where the following particulars are contained:
Name
of vessel and port of registry.
Details
contained in surveyors certificate.
The
particulars respecting the origin stated in the declaration of
ownership.
The
name and description of the registered owner, if more than one
owner the proportionate share of each.
|
|
| Shipper |
| The
merchant (person) by whom, in whose name or on whose behalf a contract
of carriage of goods has been concluded with a carrier or any party
by whom, in whose name or on whose behalf the goods are actually
delivered to the carrier in relation to the contract of carriage. |
|
| Shipper's
Export Declaration |
| Abbreviation:
SED |
| A
United States customs form to be completed for all exports to assist
the government in compiling export statistics. |
|
| Shipper's
Letter of Instruction |
| Abbreviation:
SLI |
| A
document containing instructions given by the shipper or the shipper's
agent for preparing documents and forwarding (air cargo). |
|
| Shipping
Note |
| Document
provided by the shipper or his agent to the carrier, multimodal
transport operator, terminal or other receiving authority, giving
information about export consignments offered for transport, and
providing for the necessary receipts and declarations of liability. |
|
| Shipping
Documents |
| Documents
required for the carriage of goods. |
|
| Shipping
Instruction |
| Document
advising details of cargo and exporter's requirements of its physical
movement. |
|
| Shipping
Label |
| A
label attached to a P&O Nedlloyd unit, containing certain data. |
|
| Shipping
Marks |
| The
identification shown on individual packages in order to help in
moving it without delay or confusion to its final destination and
to enable the checking of cargo against documents. |
|
| Shortage |
| The
negative difference between actual available or delivered quantity
and the required quantity. |
|
| Shrink
Wrapping |
| Heat
treatment that shrinks an envelope of polyethylene or similar substance
around several units, thus forming one unit. It is used e.g. to
secure packages on a pallet. |
|
| Shuttle
Service |
| The
carriage back and forth over an often short route between two points. |
|
| Siding |
| A
short railroad track connected with a main track by a switch to
serve a warehouse or an industrial area. |
|
| Simplification |
| The
limiting of formalities, procedures, documents, information, and
operations to the minimum essential requirements, steps, data and
tasks acceptable by all parties concerned. |
|
| Simplification
Toolkit |
| Collection
of tools to enable simplified implementations of structured electronic
commerce techniques such as, electronic data interchange, electronic
funds transfer, automatic data capture, bar-code technology and
unique goods/product/service/party identification schemes. |
|
| Simulation |
| The
imitation of the reality for studying the effect of changing parameters
in a model as a means of preparing a decision. |
|
| back
to top |
| Single
Administrative Document |
| Abbreviation:
SAD |
| A
set of documents, replacing the various (national) forms for customs
declaration within European Community, implemented on January 1st,
1988. The introduction of the SAD constitutes an intermediate stage
in the abolition of all administrative documentation in intra European
Community trade in goods between member states. |
|
| Skeleton
Trailer |
| Road
trailer consisting of a frame and wheels specially designed to carry
containers. |
| See
Chassis |
|
| Skids |
| Battens
fitted underneath frames, boxes or packages to raise them off the
floor and allow easy access for fork lift trucks, slings or other
handling equipment. |
|
| Sliding
Tandem |
| An
undercarriage with a subframe having provision for convenient fore
and aft adjustment of its position on the chassis/semi-trailer.
The purpose being to be able to shift part of the load to either
the king pin or the suspension to maximise legally permitted axle
loads (road cargo). |
|
| Sling |
| Special
chain, wire rope, synthetic fibre strap or ropes used for cargo
handling purposes. |
|
| Slip
Sheeting |
| Hard
plastic sheeting used to stack cartons, optimising container space. |
|
| Slot |
| The
space on board a vessel, required by one TEU, mainly used for administrative
purposes. |
|
| Slot
Charter |
| A
voyage charter whereby the shipowner agrees to place a certain number
of container slots (TEU and/or FEU) at the charterer's disposal. |
|
| Snake
Loading |
| Loading
products into a container in the sequence with which the goods will
be unloaded and stored in at destination. |
|
| Sourcing |
| The
management on purpose of the various origins of products or materials
on behalf of the recipient of these products or materials. In some
industries sourcing is seen as the change from push to pull delivery
for a number of fast moving items.
Within
P&O Nedlloyd sourcing is specially dedicated to the retail
industry acting as an intermediary between suppliers and the market
with an integrated service for e.g. supermarkets or large department
stores.
|
|
| Space
Charter |
| A
voyage charter whereby the shipowner agrees to place part of the
vessels capacity at the charterers disposal. |
|
| Special
Drawing Rights |
| Abbreviation:
SDR |
| Unit
of account from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), i.a. used
to express the amount of the limitations of a carrier's liability. |
|
| Special
Rate |
| A
rate other than a normal rate. |
|
| Specific
Commodity Rate |
| Abbreviation:
SCR |
| A
rate applicable to carriage of specifically designated commodities. |
|
| Split
Shipment |
| In
case of indirect delivery through consolidation and if split shipment
conditions occur then each split part of the shipment will be delivered
in a different consignment but all consignments identified by the
same unique original shipment id. |
|
| Spoke |
| The
stretch between a hub and one of the group of consignees and/or
consignors being served by the hub. |
|
| Spontaneous
Ignition Temperature |
| The
lowest temperature at which a substance will start burning spontaneously
without an external source of ignition. |
|
| Spreader |
| Device
used for lifting containers and unitised cargo.
Beam
or frame that holds the slings vertical when hoisting a load,
to prevent damage to cargo.
|
|
| Spring |
| Mooring
rope rigged from the forward or aft to a quayside bollard amidships
to prevent the ship from surging forward or aft when alongside. |
|
| Stability |
| The
capacity of a vessel to return to its original position after having
been displaced by external forces. The stability of a vessel depends
on the meta-centric height. |
|
| Stack |
| An
identifiable amount of containers stowed in a orderly way in one
specified place on an (ocean) terminal, container freight station,
container yard or depot. |
| See
also: Container Stack |
|
| Stacking |
| To
pile boxes, bags, containers etc. on top of each other. |
|
| Stackweight |
| The
total weight of the containers and cargo in a certain row. |
|
| Standard
Costs |
| A
carefully prepared estimate of the cost of performing a given operation
under specified conditions.
In
P&O Nedlloyd standard costs are determined for operations
called 'standard Work Orders'.
Note:
A standard work order describes a standard operation for which
a standard cost is to be established.
|
|
| back
to top |
| Standard
Industrial Classification |
| Abbreviation:
SIC |
| A
method, used in the United States, to categorise companies into
different industrial groupings. |
|
| Standard
Product Module |
| Abbreviation:
SPM |
| The
building blocks used by business management to define services (shipment
products) which can be offered to customers. They describe a more
or less isolated set of activities with a standard cost attached
to it. For operations management each module defines a combination
of standard operations that needs to be carried out for a customer.
Note:
SPM's can be regarded as the interface between business and operations
management.
|
|
| Standardisation |
| The
development of agreements whose purpose is to align formalities,
procedures, documents, information, and operations. At a national
level, this would be alignment with acceptable commercial norms
and practices, at an international level it would alignment with
identified "best" and/or most accepted practices. |
|
| Starboard |
| Right
side of a vessel when facing towards the front or forward end. |
|
| State
of Origin |
| The
state in the territory in which the cargo was first loaded. |
|
| Steering
of Containers |
| The
function, with the aid of specific software for tracking and forecasting,
to direct empty containers to demanding areas at minimum costs. |
|
| Stem |
| The
foremost part of a vessel. |
|
| Stern |
| The
aftermost part of a vessel. |
|
| Stevedore |
| A
party running a business of which the functions are loading, stowing
and discharging vessels. |
|
| Stock |
| The
materials in a supply chain or in a segment of a supply chain, expressed
in quantities, locations and or values. UK. |
|
| Stock
Control |
| The
systematic administration of stock levels with respect to quantity
at all times. |
|
| Stock
Keeping Unit |
| The
description of the unit of measurement by which the stock items
are recorded on the stock record. |
|
| Stock
Locator System |
| A
system in which all places within a warehouse are named or numbered. |
|
| Stock
Point |
| A
point in the supply chain meant to keep materials available. |
|
| Stock
Record |
| A
record of the quantity of stock of a single item, often containing
a history of recent transactions and information for controlling
the replenishment of stock. |
|
| Storage |
| The
activity of placing goods into a store or the state of being in
store (e.g. a warehouse). |
|
| Storage
Charge |
| The
fee for keeping goods in a warehouse. |
|
| Stores |
| Provisions
and supplies on board required for running a vessel. |
|
| Stowage |
| The
placing and securing of cargo or containers on board a vessel or
an aircraft or of cargo in a container. |
|
| Stowage
Factor |
| Ratio
of a cargo's cubic measurement to its weight, expressed in cubic
feet to the ton or cubic metres to the tonne, used in order to determine
the total quantity of cargo which can be loaded in a certain space. |
|
| Stowage
Instructions |
| Imperative
details about the way certain cargo is to be stowed, given by the
shipper or his agent. |
|
| Stowage
Plan |
| A
plan indicating the locations on the vessel of all the consignments
for the benefit of stevedores and vessel's officers. |
|
| Stowaway |
| An
unwanted person who hides on board of a vessel or an aircraft to
get free passage, to evade port officials.
IMO
definition: A person who is secreted on a ship or in cargo which
is subsequently loaded on the ship, without the consent of the
shipowner or the master or any other responsible person who is
detected on board after the ship has departed from a port and
reported as a stowaway by the master.
|
|
| Straddle
Carrier |
| Wheeled
vehicle designed to lift and carry P&O Nedlloyd containers within
its own framework. It is used for moving, and sometimes stacking,
P&O Nedlloyd containers at a container terminal. |
|
| back
to top |
| Straddle
Crane |
| A
crane usually running on rails and spanning an open area such as
rail-tracks or roadways. |
|
| Strap |
| A
band of metal, plastic or other flexible material used to hold cargo
or cases together. |
|
| Stretch |
| Part
of the total transport chain (trade route) including overland transport
identified by place of receipt, ports of call and place of delivery
i.e. it has one location or an address as a starting and or ending
point.
The
leg between two points.
|
|
| Stripping |
| The
unloading of cargo out of a container. |
|
| Stuffing |
| The
loading of cargo into a container. |
|
| Suboptimizing |
| Striving
for optimum performance in one element of an organisation disregarding
the effects this may cause to the performance of the other elements.
In other words, a solution for a problem that is best from a narrow
point of view but not from a higher or overall company point of
view. |
|
| Substretch |
| Part
of a stretch. This term is used if it is necessary to distinguish
between a stretch and a part thereof. |
|
| Supercargo |
| Experienced
person (officer) assigned by the charterer of a vessel to advise
the management of the vessel and protect the interests of the charterer. |
|
| Supply
Chain |
| A
sequence of events in a goods flow which adds to the value of a
specific good. These events may include:
conversion
assembling and/or disassembling
movements and placements
|
|
| Supply
Chain Definition |
| A
sequence of events, which may include conversion, movement or placement,
which adds value to goods, products, or services. |
|
| Supply
Vessel |
| Vessel
which carries stock and stores to offshore drilling rigs, platforms. |
|
| Surcharge |
| An
additional charge added to the usual or customary freight. |
|
| Survey |
| An
inspection of a certain item or object by a recognised specialist. |
|
| Surveyor |
| A
specialist who carries out surveys.
Note:
A surveyor is often representing a classification bureau or a
governmental body.
|
|
| Swop
Body |
| Separate
unit without wheels to carry cargo via road sometimes equipped with
legs to be used to carry cargo intermodal within Europe.
The
advantage being that this unit can be left behind to load or discharge
whilst the driver with the truck/chassis can change to another
unit.
These
units are not used for sea transport.
|
|
| Synergy |
| The
simultaneous joint action of separate parties, which, together,
have greater total effect than the sum of their individual effects. |
|
| System |
| A
whole body of connected elements, which influence each other and
have specific relations with the environment. |
